Which process describes water loss from vegetation to the atmosphere?

Transpiration is the process that specifically describes the loss of water from vegetation to the atmosphere. This occurs when plants absorb water from the soil, which then travels through the plant and evaporates from small openings called stomata on the leaves and stems. This process is crucial for maintaining water balance in the environment, as it contributes to the water cycle by returning water vapor to the atmosphere.

Understanding transpiration is essential in studying ecosystems, as it plays a significant role in climate regulation, plant health, and the overall water cycle. While evaporation refers to the transition of water from any surface into vapor, transpiration specifically emphasizes the contribution of plants to this process. Runoff is the movement of water across the ground towards bodies of water, and infiltration refers to the process of water soaking into the ground. Thus, transpiration is the correct term for water loss from vegetation.