Which of the following best describes plate tectonics?

Plate tectonics is best described as a process responsible for the movement of the Earth's plates. This scientific theory explains how the Earth's lithosphere, which is divided into several large and small plates, interacts through various types of movements such as converging, diverging, and sliding past one another. These movements are driven by forces such as mantle convection and the heat from the Earth's interior. Through plate tectonics, we can understand the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity, as well as the distribution of various geological features and phenomena across the planet.

The other options do not accurately represent the concept of plate tectonics. While weather patterns pertain to atmospheric conditions and processes, cultural diffusion relates to the spread of cultural elements, and urban planning involves strategies for land use and community development. None of these topics aligns with the fundamental principles governing the movement and interaction of Earth's tectonic plates.