What is the term for ecosystems found in urban environments?

Urban ecosystems refer to the ecological patterns, processes, and communities that develop in areas dominated by human structures and activities, such as cities and towns. These ecosystems are characterized by a mix of built environments, such as roads, buildings, and parks, alongside natural elements like vegetation and wildlife.

The term reflects how urban areas can maintain biodiversity and ecological functions despite being significantly altered by human development. Urban ecosystems can include various habitats, from gardens and street trees to parks and green roofs, which can provide important resources for local wildlife. They also contribute to environmental services such as air and water purification, climate regulation, and recreation opportunities for residents.

This term specifically captures the unique characteristics of ecosystems shaped by urbanization, distinguishing them from suburban or rural ecosystems, which typically have different human influences, land uses, and ecological dynamics.